Anna Karenina Characters And The Life Novel Essay Example For Students

Anna Karenina: Characters And The Life Novel Essay Anna Karenina: Characters and the Life NovelBy looking at the character show, one promptly sees the valueTolstoy places on character. With one hundred and forty named characters andseveral other anonymous characters, Tolstoy puts his focal spotlight in AnnaKarenina on the characters. He utilizes their activities and conduct to create theplot and represent the significant subjects of the novel. Rather than FlaubertsMadame Bovary, Tolstoy wishes to look at life as it truly seems to be. The two books haverelationships and infidelity as a focal topic. In any case, Tolstoy gives us a muchmore exact portrayal in Anna Karenina by making characters, bothmajor and minor, that add to the feeling of authenticity. The most striking element of Tolstoys minor characters is that althoughthey may just show up quickly, they despite everything have a feeling of lifelikeness. Whena character is presented, Tolstoy furnishes the peruser with subtleties of thecharacters appearance and activities that give a feeling of authenticity. For example,the server that Stiva and Levin experience at their supper, albeit a flatcharacter is unquestionably introduced in a way which permits him to have a senseof lifelikeness and completion. From the discourse designs the server uses to thedescription of the attack of his uniform, one is given the subtleties thatallow the server to add to the novel in implies past basically the presenceof a minor character. His depiction and activities furnish the novel with asense of reality. Another manner by which Tolstoy gives the minor character a feeling of lifeis by making them capricious. One sees this in the character of Ryabinin. When at first talked about, the peruser is informed endless supply of business,Ryabinin will consistently say decidedly lastly (p161). Anyway uponconclusion of the offer of the land, Ryabinin doesn't utilize his standard tag. This tag would typically be normal for the level, minor charactersuch as Ryabinin. Be that as it may, Tolstoy wishes to add to the lifelikeness of even his minorcharacters and permits them to carry on as one would anticipate just major, roundcharacters. The detail Tolstoy provides for the entirety of his characters, including theminor characters, adds to the authenticity of both the novel and thecharacters. Maybe the most practical of Tolstoys significant characters is KonstantinLevin. All through the novel, the peruser witnesses the preliminaries of Levins lifeand his reaction to them. In contrast to Flaubert, Tolstoy uncovers Levin in a mannerwhich gives him a feeling of roundedness and lifelikeness. On his journey formeaning in his life, Levin is basically a pragmatist, similarly as Tolstoy wishes tobe recorded as a hard copy Anna Karenina. We first experience Levin when he shows up in Moscow to propose to KittyShtcherbatsky. At the point when Kitty declines his proposition, Levin has been vanquished in thefirst step he feels is vital for individual fulfillment. After the refusal,Levin returns again to the area in order to find individual fulfillment inthe nation way of life. He goes to cultivating, cutting with the laborers and othersuch manual work to occupy his time, at the same time despite everything looking for importance inhis life. This longing for importance stays unfulfilled until he finds happinessand a feeling of family satisfaction in his union with Kitty. Be that as it may, even in this condition of bliss, Levin must face disaster. Soonafter the marriage, Levins wiped out sibling, Nicolai Dmitrich Levin, is passing on oftuberculosis and Levin must stand up to his demise. This demise adds to Levinssense of the truth of life, understanding that life now not just focuses on livingbut on not living. This occasion, joined with his past quest for meaning,brings Levin to the end that one should live for their spirit rather that fora delight through things, for example, marriage and family. .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .postImageUrl , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:hover , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:visited , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:active { border:0!important; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:active , .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:hover { mistiness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enrichment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f 892b21 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u2751bb569e8f69154472d8fd4f892b21:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Odysseus Essay ThesisIt is this revelation that gives Levin his feeling of roundedness. Levin hasgrown from the earliest starting point of the novel when his quest for satisfaction was centeredon individual satisfaction through marriage. By the finish of the novel Levinhas arrived at a feeling of individual fulfillment just as close to home salvationthrough his acknowledgment that adoration not just involves physical love, as that forhis spouse, yet in addition in an affection for God and living for God. As opposed to the development that Levin encounters is the stagnation ofthe life of the title character Anna Karenina. Toward the start of the novel,the wedded Anna is gone up against with another admirer, Count Alexy KirillovitchVronsky. From the outset Anna rejects Vronsky, however at the site of her significant other uponreturn

Edaphosaurus Facts and Figures

Edaphosaurus Facts and Figures From the start, Edaphosaurus looks a ton like a downsized rendition of its nearby family member, Dimetrodon: both of these antiquated pelycosaurs (a group of reptiles that went before the dinosaurs) had huge sails running down their backs, which assisted with keeping up their internal heat levels (by transmitting ceaselessly abundance heat during the night and retaining daylight during the day) and were most likely likewise used to flag the other gender for mating purposes. Strangely, however, the proof focuses to the late Carboniferous Edaphosaurus having been a herbivore and Dimetrodon a carnivorewhich has driven a few specialists (and TV makers) to conjecture that Dimetrodon normally had large, storing segments of Edaphosaurus for lunch! Aside from its lively sail (which was a lot littler than the practically identical structure on Dimetrodon), Edaphosaurus had a particularly ungraceful appearance, with an uncommonly little head contrasted with its long, thick, enlarged middle. Like its individual plant-eating pelycosaurs of the late Carboniferous and early Permian time frames, Edaphosaurus had a crude dental mechanical assembly, implying that it required a ton of digestion tracts to process and overview the extreme vegetation it ate. (For a case of what this entire part of guts body plan can result in, without the interruption of a sail, look at the cumbersome form of the contemporaneous pelycosaur Casea.) Given its similitude to Dimetrodon, its not astonishing that Edaphosaurus has created a decent lot of disarray. This pelycosaur was first portrayed in 1882 by the well known American scientist Edward Drinker Cope, after its revelation in Texas; at that point, a couple of years after the fact, he raised the firmly related family Naosaurus, in light of extra remains unearthed somewhere else in the nation. Throughout the following barely any decades, be that as it may, resulting specialists synonymized Naosaurus with Edaphosaurus by naming extra Edaphosaurus species, and even one putative types of Dimetrodon was later moved under the Edaphosaurus umbrella. Edaphosaurus Essentials Edaphosaurus (Greek for ground reptile); articulated eh-DAFF-gracious SORE-us Habitat:Â Swamps of North America and Western Europe Chronicled Period:Â Late Carboniferous-Early Permian (310-280 million years back) Size and Weight:Â Up to 12 feet in length and 600 pounds Diet:Â Plants Recognizing Characteristics:Â Long, restricted body; huge sail on back; little head with enlarged middle

Essay Tips For People Who Are Ready to Do It

Essay Tips For People Who Are Ready to Do ItIf you've been writing essays for a while, you'll have certainly realized that many of them are in need of some serious improvements, and you can't wait to get to the main course. Writing an elderly essay is one of the things that you've been dreading for a long time, but if you can be brave enough to tackle it, you may be pleasantly surprised.One of the first things that you need to decide on when you're looking at this type of essay is who you're going to write it for. What are your goals? The whole purpose of writing an elderly essay is to expose someone's weaknesses to the rest of the world.Therefore, it's necessary to make sure that whoever you choose will be up for it. Here are a few tips to help you.First of all, before you start writing an essay on elderly people, you'll need to establish what your objective is. Is it for professional reasons? Do you want to write for a class assignment? You'll find that there are several different reasons for writing such an essay, so you'll need to find out which of those would be most appropriate for you.By defining your objectives for your essay, you'll be able to set your focus, and you won't have to go into the details of how to write the essay or what to include in it. After you've done that, the next thing you need to do is find a topic to write about.Some topics for an elderly essay might include: childhood memories, work and education, family and love, relationships and connections, memory, and life experiences. If you've ever read a lot of essays on the same subject, you'll know that there are literally thousands of different topics. Find the topic that's most relevant to you and go from there.You'll also need to decide on the style of writing that you're going to use when you're writing an elderly essay. The most common style is the academic essay, which are basically a form of longer composition, and it's actually the most popular. So, the choice you make is going to depend on your particular needs and the mood of the audience.In summary, I hope that I've given you some helpful advice when it comes to writing an elderly essay. Good luck!

Virginia Public Universities ACT Score Comparison

Eating Disorders Do Not Discriminate - 594 Words

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder driven mainly by the fear of gaining weight. People with Anorexia severely limit the amount of food they eat and can become extremely skinny. Anorexia has dangerous effects on the body and the mind. It has the highest rate of death of any mental illness. Between 5% and 20% of people who develop the disease eventually die from it (Lee, 2008). It may start as simple dieting, but can quickly roller coaster out of control such as not eating at all. The person’s main focus is food, dieting, and the fear of weight gain. Others see them as being very thin but they themselves see a distorted fat image when they look in the mirror. The first victim of Anorexia is often the bones. The disease most commonly develops in adolescence, right at the time when the body puts down critical bone mass. In only six months after anorexic behavior begins, there is already bone loss. But the most life-threatening damage is usually the havoc inflicted on the heart . As the body loses muscle mass, it loses heart muscle at a preferential rate making the heart smaller and weaker. Although the heart and the bones often take the brunt of the damage, anorexia is a multisystem disease. Virtually no part of the body escapes its effects. About half of all anorexics have low white-blood-cell counts, and about a third are anemic. Both conditions can lower the immune systems resistance to disease, leaving a person vulnerable to infections (Lee, 2008). Bulimia Nervosa isShow MoreRelatedThe Perfect Body Image. The Horrific Things That Females1277 Words   |  6 Pagesas if getting over an eating disorder is quick and easy, but the reality is very different† (167). Binge eating is like bulimia but without the vomiting. Binge eating is a disorder that comes into effect when females are suffering depression. To mask the pain from depression, some females feel the need to over eat. Binge eating is different from bulimia and anorexia because it causes in dividuals to be overweight not underweight. Ideally though binge eating is still a disorder that causes and stemsRead MoreGender Vs. Eating Disorders894 Words   |  4 PagesGender vs. Eating Disorders More women worry about their weight than men. It is a fact that among the adults, 38% of the women and 24% of the men were trying to lose weight. When you hear about Anorexia and Bulimia most people think of females. What people do not know is tons of males suffer from the same problem. I believe males should be more looked upon when it comes to this subject. Gymnasts, runners, body builders, rowers, wrestlers, racers, dancers, and swimmers are especially helpless againstRead More Anorexia and Bulimia - A Threat to Society Essay994 Words   |  4 Pages In a society that discriminates against people, particularly women, who do not look slender, many people find they cannot - or think they cannot - meet societys standards through normal, healthy eating habits and often fall victim to eating disorders. Bulimia Nervosa, an example of an eating disorder that is characterized by a cycle of binge eating and purging, has become very common in our society. Although it generally affects wom en, men too are now coming to clinics with this kind of diseaseRead MoreTypes and Treatments of Eating Disorders Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesWhen people hear the word eating disorder they tend to think of a young middle class white girl. It’s quite rare to hear about older men and women struggling with eating disorders even though it’s fairly common. Unfortunately, eating disorders do not discriminate against race, age, gender, class, or sexual orientation. The only thing that differs is their overall experience and how health professionals chose to treat them. There are three major eating disorders that some people suffer with on a dailyRead MoreEating Disorders Essays1284 Words   |  6 Pages Eating disorders are a group of conditions characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior with either an extreme reduction or an extreme increase of food intake, which negatively affects the individuals mental and physical health. There are two main types of eating disorders – anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. There is a third category of eating disorders called â€Å"eating disorders not otherwise specified†. Binge eating disorder is categorized under this. Eating disorders mainly appearRead MoreEating Disorders And Eating Disorder1496 Words   |  6 PagesAn eating disorder is an illness that causes serious disturbances to your everyday diet, such as eating extremely small amounts of food or severely overeating. A person with an eating disorder may have started out just eating smaller or larger amount of food, but as some point, the urge to eat less or more has gotten out of control. Severe distress or concern about body weight or shape may also signal an eating disorder. Common eating disorders include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and a binge-eatingRead MoreMale Athletes With Bulimia Nervosa1347 Words   |  6 PagesMale Athletes with Bulimia Nervosa: â€Å"Dying† to Gain a Competitive Edge Over the last decade, we have become very familiar with eating disorders and its detrimental impact on young women’s physical and mental health. In particular, Schaal et al. reported eating disorders, notably bulimia nervosa, had â€Å"the highest prevalence†¦among male athletes †¦ in weight-class sports (i.e. wrestling, boxing)† (qtd. in Bratland-Sanda, Sundgot-Borgen 500). In this essay, I will draw upon current research on bulimiaRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Ptsd1434 Words   |  6 PagesTraumatic Stress Disorder, and develop self destructive behaviors such as an eating disorder. When in harm’s way, you have two responses, commonly known as â€Å"flight-or-flight.† You are either going to avoid danger or face it head on. With PTSD, this recoil of a decision is altered or impaired. PTSD is established when a terrifying incident places you in jeopardy of being harmed, which later interferes with a person’s life or health. With many PTSD patients, they have developed eating disorders because theyRead MoreThe Causes of Eating Disorders 1295 Words   |  5 PagesEating disorders have been around for well over a century, and affect tons of people around your neighborhood, town, county, state, or even country that walk, talk, and act just like you. The two big dogs of eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, which affect young boys and girls alike that cannot control their feelings when it comes to food. Some decide that food is not their thing, which is known as anorexia; and, some people have a love/hate relationship with food, better knownRead MoreBody Imaging Has A Negative Effect On Society1716 Words   |  7 Pagesand imagine how you look (Positive and Negative Body Images). Society makes girls and women think that if they aren’t skinny, they aren’t pretty and no one will like them. Girls feel pressured by society to have ‘perfect’ bodies, this encourages bad e ating habits (Schulten). This affects how thousands of girls see themselves and how they feel about their body. Body imaging has a huge negative effect on society. Although, some may argue that body imaging has a positive effect on girls because it prevents

A Comparison of Seamus Heaneys Poem Digging and The song...

I have looked at the poem Digging by Seamus Heaney. The poem is about the poet digging into his past and appears to be a modest poem. The nicking and slicing neatly that Heaney says in his poem can also apply to the crafting of a poem. Heaney seems unhappy and distanced from his farming family roots however he shows a good amount of admiration for farming men. Heaney shows the skill and dignity of labour. The expertise is rather admired than the strength and the technique is very precisely explained. He constantly has memories of common places, which very few people would notice, but Heaney thinks that these memories should be recognised. He is frustrated at how different he is to his†¦show more content†¦And then I must scrub and bake and sweep, Till stars are beginning to blink and peep. In this quote the tone of her voice would be low and depressed because she must scrub and sweep till stars begin to blink and peep which means she has to work till late at night. The young people in The song of the old mother do not care for what the old mother does for them but Heaney is determined to dig with his pen and remember his roots. And the young lie long and dream in their bed. This quote also has another meaning, for this comparison the quote means that while the young lie long and dream they still take granted for what the old mother does for them. Over his shoulder, going down and down for the good turf. Digging. This quote is showing that he is digging and digging into his past and trying to remember his roots. In The song of the old mother the structure of the poem looks tight like her life could have been as in those days women werent allowed to do much apart from cook clean and look after the kids. The structure of Digging looks spaced out and free. This is how his life style could have been or the spaced out structure could represent the space and freedom you get from living on a farm. The structure could also represent the feeling you get when you have a vast

Impact of Open Data on Business Innovation-Free-Sample for Students

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Open Data on Business Innovation. Answer: Introduction There are various data sources that are available in the internet at present time, which are divided under a number of banners. Broadly, it is of two type, open data source and licensed content. The licensed contents are only available on purchase. Whereas, open data are something for which public do not have to pay (Lindman, Rossi and Tuunainen 2013). These data comes from the sources that are not restricted by copy right and mostly found in various public domains like municipalities, government, international organizations and many more. The typical one among them is the government data which are made available for the public in their websites. These data are used by various business organizations in order to grow their business and have a proper idea of the market. It is not mandatory that the open data will always bring profit the business. Open data have both positive and negative impact (Zuiderwijk and Janssen 2014). Different scholarly works have been conducted which will be r eviewed in this proposal. Project Objective To evaluate academic literatures on impact of open data source on business innovation. To identify the direct or indirect influence of open data sources on business organizations. To distinguish the negative impacts from the positive ones. To identify the disadvantages of using open data in business. Project Scope This part of the project will be focusing on the various business organizations and the impact of the open data source on them. The scope of the project lies in the field of the negative exposure of using the open data source where there is ample opportunity to conduct research. Literature Review Open Government Data Different government took initiatives to provide data to public offering them a better understanding of the scenario. The numbers of these initiatives have grown considerably during 2009-13 from two to over two hundreds. These data that are available in the internet for free not only provided the business organizations the opportunity, but also the ability and motivation to set social and economic value of their organization. These data help in generating new knowledge, value proposition and ideas. It can be summed up as the open data will enable the company to increase he organizational capabilities, which in turn will supplement in idea generation, conversion and diffusion. This will ultimately lead the company to form new social and economic value (Kitchin, R., 2014). Open Innovation strategies Open Government Data initiative is taken up by almost every developed and developing countries in the world. The governments are attracting the businesses to collaborate, participate and re-use their data that are made available by them. Different innovative strategies can be opted with the help of open data for the business growth. The author also posits a set of a set of considerable for developing the open government data portal into an open innovation platform. Businesses are also suggested to create e-service that leverage on the datasets available from the portal (Chan 2013). Demand for Open Government Data in Business Demand for open business data in private sectors or business seems to be the highest according to the Indonesian research team. A significant number of business owners have stated that the available business data on the internet is useful for their business. They show interest in more government data to become publicly available which can significantly fund for their business uptake. But the authenticity of the data reduces if it becomes free. Henceforth, the proprietors of the private businesses do not mind in purchasing the government data if it is made available by the government authority. Data from the education sectors, for instance, the number of graduates in specific fields in certain geographical region is a considered useful data for any business. It makes it easier for the private companies find out the required talents from the market and decide where to invest and where to hire the talents (Indonesia 2013). Economic Benefits of using Open Government Data According to the author, Open government Data plays potential role in innovation of any business. It provides valuable and important data for the new enterprises and business models. Though, the new business models to enter in the market, standard, which future-proof financial investment is absolute necessity. Great economic benefits are expected for the business and startup niches. According to one interviewee of the author, the open government data helped him to increase his sales by 5% (Parycek Hochtl and Ginner 2014). There are other ways of benefiting from the open data that are provided by the government. Those are outsourcing present government procedures for business cycles and as a business network. The business models, which are making use of open government data, are expected to emerge in the field of economy. It can be based on data handling, data integration, data analysis, or even visualization. OGD have the potential to provide job creation or preservation or job creat ing which in term will bring economic growth (Parycek Hochtl and Ginner 2014). Open data opportunity Open data is widely used by various companies as it offers productive growth and economic reform of the company. By extracting the knowledge available in open data in the internet permits the organizations to make better use of the existing data. Proper use of these open data policies can considerably increase any businesss output that would boost the cumulative GDP. It also helps in promoting the theme of the business agendas such as trade, monetary policy, fiscal, employment, finance, infrastructure and fiscal. This in turn offers achievement of the companys growth target. It also opens up the opportunity to create economic and social value of the company. The business can reduce its costs in provision of existing services. New services are enabled by using this and also help in quality improvement. The governance of the company is also being improved using open data (Jetzek, Avital and Bjorn-Andersen 2014). Opportunities for startups The startup based on open data has endless possibilities as stated by the author. The open data can be used as a fuel in innovation in terms of new apps that are based on open data. Necessary commitment and effort towards the work is of absolute necessary for the startup to run in the first days. A structured plan is required to engage with preparing both short and long term targets. Development of apps can provide enormous benefits to citizens, that it will be import to capture how open data can supplement in development in the particular area. The open and closed data can provide opportunity for the startup to consolidate and further growth. The author found gaps in important information where innovation can work with help of open data and presented his idea with an example of parking issue that is found in everyday life. An app based on open data can solve their quarries and problems and the startup can thrive using the open data (Kitsios and Kamariotou 2018). Open data in Business model A number of organizations opened their data for the general public in order to stimulate the innovation of their business. It has resulted into rise of new business models for the organization. According to Janssen and Zuiderwijk (2014), these newly innovated open data business models can be divided into six types, which are interactive app, comparison model, service platform, singlepurpose app, information aggregators and open data repositories. These models have different level of accessibility to the raw data. Social media is used by many business organizations for rating and discussion to get the idea for improving their business. Hybrid models on the other hand have a combined model of value creating where both private and public organizations interact (Janssen and Zuiderwijk 2014). Usage of open data in business Open data is considerably a new thing in the market and very few companies have been using open data as an integral part of the company. Such companies see the open data as a tool to maintain their present situating and help in creating values to the customers. It cannot help directly in financial benefits. Some also considers the utilization of these open data is to improve the quality of the content and making them more comprehensive. Combination of companys data with open data can bring new possibilities for the company. Several motives and opportunities are identified. They can be summed up as follows. The companies can use the open data for creating value, upgrading the quality of their product and services of the business and to improve the quality of the information and knowledge produced from the source. It can also supplement in improving the usability of the data. Open map can be an example where it is used in the visualization of the data. The open data can also contribute in assisting the comprehension of the situation that is in hand. Moreover, these open data is considered as valuable tool for businesss internal use. Refinement of data, service development, information and knowledge based management and decision making are considered as opportunities of using the open data. Moreover, some new and less identified opportunities such outsourcing of the services, business-driven opening of public data can be spotted (Immonen, Palviainen and Ovaska 2014). Impact of open data on business The open data offers various possibilities of imitating as well as learning opportunities for avoiding pitfalls. The biggest opportunity that can be identified is the hybrid model as discussed in earlier review where the models tend to pertain the ways in which companies can constrain portion of their offerings for the purpose of extracting profit. Example can be drawn of the dual-licensing. As the services and data are made free for all, the company doesnt need to purchase the products. This saves a lot of money that can be used in different grounds. On the other hand of the glittery benefits of open data sources, there are also negative impacts of this practice. It possesses a negative impact on the business ideology based on the companys respondents alone. Every business requires investing both time and money in setting up their respective businesses. Open development is something that opposes the profit motives of the company which can be considered as bad for the business (Lindm an 2014). Requirement of open data based business According to Immonen, Palviainen and Ovaska (2014), the open data source creates new opportunities for the business for the factors that provided data, consume data and develop innovative services and applications around the open data. These businesses require separate business models and synergetic environment called ecosystem to support the business applications and services. The actors of these open data ecosystem businesses are differently oriented and the business model elements. Services and business models that are needed in open data based business supposed to be different in order to gain the full advantage of the service (Immonen, Palviainen and Ovaska 2014). Literature Gap Previous studies have focused on the positive aspects of the open data sources. They also discussed about the policies of different countries for the initiative of opening data to the public. Different authors had also covered impacts of this open sources data, but only focusing on the positive approach. Economic benefits, social, and corporate value adding are discussed in dept. However, the negative approaches of this initiative are barely discussed and there are very few literatures available which focuses on this topic. Ample amount of scope is available to carry out a project in finding out the major drawbacks of the open source in the business innovation process. Conclusion It can be concluded from the above discussions of literature reviews that governments of all the developed and developing countries are considering making the data available to the private companies and the public, where the process has already started. Different benefits of these data are discussed and reviewed with the potential outcomes. The impact of these open data sources, both from government and private businesses are discussed. Economic benefits of the usage are also highlighted. The opportunities of the business in using open data can be found in the report with the innovation of the business model that is required in applying it. From the review, the gap can be found in the demerits of the use of open data. There are very few literature which discuss and highlights the demerits of open data which can be considered as a great opportunity for carrying out the research. Reference List Chan, C.M., 2013, January. From open data to open innovation strategies: Creating e-services using open government data. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 1890-1899). IEEE. Indonesia, R.A., 2013. Open Government Data. Immonen, A., Palviainen, M. and Ovaska, E., 2014. Requirements of an open data based business ecosystem.IEEE Access,2, pp.88-103 Immonen, A., Palviainen, M. and Ovaska, E., 2014. Towards open data based business: Survey on usage of open data in digital services.International Journal of Research in Business and Technology,4(1), pp.286-295. Janssen, M. and Zuiderwijk, A., 2014. Infomediary business models for connecting open data providers and users.Social Science Computer Review,32(5), pp.694-711. Jetzek, T., Avital, M. and Bjorn-Andersen, N., 2014. Data-driven innovation through open government data.Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research,9(2), pp.100-120. Kitchin, R., 2014.The data revolution: Big data, open data, data infrastructures and their consequences. Sage. Kitsios, F. and Kamariotou, M., 2018. Open Data and High-Tech Startups Towards Nascent Entrepreneurship Strategies. InEncyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition(pp. 3032-3041). IGI Global. Lindman, J., 2014. Similarities of open data and open source: Impacts on business.Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research,9(3), pp.46-70. Lindman, J., Rossi, M. and Tuunainen, V.K., 2013, January. Open data services: Research agenda. InSystem Sciences (HICSS), 2013 46th Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 1239-1246). IEEE. Parycek, P., Hochtl, J. and Ginner, M., 2014. Open government data implementation evaluation.Journal of theoretical and applied electronic commerce research,9(2), pp.80-99. Zuiderwijk, A. and Janssen, M., 2014, June. The negative effects of open government data-investigating the dark side of open data. InProceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Digital Government Research(pp. 147-152). ACM. rnment data catalogs have been published and over a million datasets have been released by governments around the world, spawning new businesses and social projects. One private sector representative mentioned data from the education system, such as the number of graduates in specific fields in a certain region, as a potentially useful resource for private companies allowing them to find out where to invest and where to hire talent.